Adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate sodium salt is a naturally-occurring activator of PKA (cAMP-dependent protein kinase A). Cyclic-AMP is an important second messenger that is linked in many systems to neurotransmitter- or hormone-induced receptor stimulation. The cAMP/PKA signaling pathway has shown to induce differentiation, inhibit cell proliferation, and lead to apoptosis. Adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate sodium salt monohydrate is an activator of Epac.